iSURG

A 27-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of slurred speech and difficulty moving her tongue. On examination, when she protrudes her tongue, it deviates to the left side. There is no facial weakness, and the rest of the cranial nerve exam is normal.

Which of the following is the most likely site of the lesion?

A) Left hypoglossal nerve
B) Right hypoglossal nerve
C) Left facial nerve
D) Right vagus nerve
E) Left glossopharyngeal nerve

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What is the name of this fracture
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Follow up question, if it had been a cat bite?
Man presents with a bite wound on his hand from a cat sustained two days ago. The wound is swollen, erythematous, and tender. He reports mild fever and regional lymphadenopathy.
What is the most likely causative organism?

A. Bacteroides species
B. Bartonella henselae
C. Eikenella corrodens
D. Pasteurella multocida
E. Staphylococcus aureus

It usually is haha, but in this case the answer is actually A

A 35-year-old male presents with a bite wound on his hand from a fight. The wound is swollen, red, and tender.
What is the most common organism responsible for infection in human bite wounds?

A. Eikenella corrodens.
B. Streptococcus pyogenes.
C. Staphylococcus aureus.
D. Pasteurella multocida.
E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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The middle meningeal artery (MMA) is the primary blood supply to meningiomas
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A 62 year-old woman is found to have a large, vascular intracranial meningioma supplied exclusively by a grossly hypertrophied middle meningeal artery.
Which of the following skull base foramina is most likely enlarged?

Foramen lacerum
Foramen magnum
Foramen oval
Foramen rotundum
Foramen spinosum

Notification came here instantly too

Treatments: Medications:
Anticholinergics: These drugs (e.g., oxybutynin, tolterodine) block the action of acetylcholine on the bladder, reducing involuntary contractions.
Beta-3 adrenergic agonists: Medications like mirabegron work by relaxing the bladder muscle and increasing its capacity.
Topical estrogen (for postmenopausal women): This can help improve bladder function by strengthening the tissues in the urinary tract.

Invasive Treatments (if medications are ineffective):
Botulinum toxin (Botox) injections: Injecting Botox into the bladder muscle can temporarily paralyze it, reducing involuntary contractions.