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1 What structures for the wall of the spermatic cord?
Internal spermatic fascia-Transversalis fascia
Cremasteric fascia-From the fascial coverings of internal oblique
External spermatic fascia-External oblique aponeurosis2 What are the contents of the spermatic cord?
Vas deferens, testicular artery, artery of vas deferens, cremasteric artery, pampiniform plexus, sympathetic nerve fibres, genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve, lymphatic vessels.
3 What is the pampiniform plexus?
The pampiniform plexus is a rich network of veins that arise from the testis and epididymis and travel superiorly through the inguinal canal within the spermatic cord.
4 From where does the testicular artery originate?
It originates from the aorta around a level of L2 and then travels through the retroperitoneum to reach the inguinal canal.
5 How does the lymphatic drainage of the testis and scrotum differ?
The testes drain primarily to the para-aortic lymph nodes and the scrotum drains to the inguinal lymph nodes. This is very relevant surgically, since surgical resection of testicular tumours should never be undertaken via a scrotal incision for fear of seeding the tumour into the inguinal nodal basin.
6 What is the gubernaculum?
The gubernaculum is a ridge of fibrous tissue that forms early in embryonic development. It links the apex of the testis to the scrotum and as the foetus grows, so draws the testis into the scrotum. Occasionally, the gubernaculum may form abnormal connections and this then results in an ectopic testis.
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