What is the pathology?

Gangrene

What are the types of cell death?

Necrosis & Apoptosis

Four differences between Necrosis and apoptosis?

Necrosis
Enlarged cells
Frequent adjacent inflammation
Pathological mainly
Disrupted plasma membrane
Apoptosis
Cell shrink, no adjacent inflammation, physiological, Intact plasma membrane

Types of gangrene?

Wet and Dry

Differences

Wet; more common in bowel, more with venous obstruction, putrefaction, numerous bacteria
Dry; more in limbs, arterial occlusion, limited putrefaction, no bacteria as cant survive

Pathological process of redness around gangrene

post hypoxia vasodilation

Pathalogical cells in atheroma

Foam cells

Apart from Male / Diabetes / HTN name 3 risk factors for atherosclerosis

Smoking, Family hx, Hyperlipidema

Which vessels affected by atherosclerosis

Medium and large

What are pleural plaques on xray

collagen & fibrosis

Significance

Asbestos exposure cancer risk

Bedside yest for bronchogenic cancer

sputum for cytology